Test prep · PAT

PAT preparation

The PAT (Physics Aptitude Test) is Oxford's filter for Physics, Engineering Science, Materials Science, and joint Physics applicants. Sat in late October / early November of Year 13 at the student's school or college. The test rewards creative problem-solving across Physics and Mathematics over 2 hours.

Quick reference

Full name
Physics Aptitude Test
Used by
Oxford — Physics, Engineering Science, Materials Science, and joint courses
Format
2 hours · multiple-choice + written sections covering Physics and Maths
Test centre
School / college (registered as test centre) — students sit at their existing institution
Test window
Typically late October / early November of Year 13
Required A-level
A-level Maths and A-level Physics assumed; A-level Further Maths strongly preferred

What the PAT tests

Physics content

Drawn from A-level Physics topics with an emphasis on creative application:

  • Mechanics — Newton's laws, momentum, energy, circular motion, simple harmonic motion, gravitation
  • Electricity and circuits — Kirchhoff's laws, capacitors, resistance networks, current and potential difference reasoning
  • Waves and optics — interference, diffraction, refraction, lens formulae, polarisation
  • Energy and thermal physics — gas laws, heat capacities, thermal equilibrium
  • Some atomic physics — sometimes touched on at the boundary with quantum content

Maths content

A-level Maths foundations plus some early Further Maths:

  • Algebra, sequences, polynomials
  • Calculus — differentiation, integration including by parts and substitution
  • Trigonometric identities and equations
  • Vectors in 2D and 3D
  • Basic differential equations and their physical applications

The format

One paper, 2 hours. Mix of multiple-choice questions (testing fast application) and longer written questions requiring sustained derivations. Students show working clearly — partial credit is available throughout, and the exam rewards students who attempt several questions and make progress on each over students who finish two and ignore the rest.

Preparation approach

Phase 1 — Familiarise (weeks 1-3)

Read the official PAT syllabus on the Oxford Physics admissions site. Take an early past paper under timed conditions to baseline. Identify which question types feel weakest.

Phase 2 — Past-paper drilling (weeks 4-9)

Oxford publishes PAT past papers freely going back many years. Work through systematically: attempt each question for 25-30 minutes before checking solutions, study the official mark scheme. Don't rush — depth of engagement on each question pays off more than racing through papers.

Phase 3 — Timed mocks (weeks 10-12)

Full timed papers under exam conditions. Build the stamina for 2 hours of sustained problem-solving. Refine timing strategy: how long to spend per multiple-choice item before moving on, when to commit to a written question vs skip it.

What tutoring adds

  • Problem-solving framework — when stuck, what to try? Strong tutors teach explicit heuristics for approaching unfamiliar PAT-style problems.
  • Worked-problem demonstration — tutors show the thinking process behind their own solutions. This is hard to learn from solution keys alone.
  • Cross-Physics-and-Maths fluency — the strongest PAT candidates can switch between physical reasoning and mathematical manipulation seamlessly. Tutors with active Physics or Engineering backgrounds bring this naturally.
  • Written-argumentation discipline — PAT mark schemes credit clear, well-structured working. Tutors drill mathematical-writing technique.

Choosing a PAT tutor

  • Strong Physics or Engineering degree from a top university (Cambridge, Oxford, Imperial). PAT depth requires genuine subject mastery.
  • PAT or BPhO success — tutors who themselves performed well on these tests bring directly applicable experience.
  • Oxford Physics admissions familiarity — tutors who have been through Oxford Physics admissions can speak to what the test is filtering for.
  • Realistic about preparation time — strong tutors recommend 6-12 weeks of consistent work; tutors promising last-minute miracle prep should be treated with skepticism.

Verify current details

PAT format, dates, and the precise list of courses requiring it can change year to year. Verify against the Oxford Physics admissions site before making timing decisions.

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Common questions

  • What does the PAT test? +

    Physics and mathematics at A-level / early Further Maths level, with a strong emphasis on creative problem-solving rather than knowledge recall. The test mixes multiple-choice questions (testing fast recall and short application) with longer written questions requiring sustained derivations. Topics span mechanics, electricity, waves, optics, energy and thermal physics, plus the underlying mathematical content (algebra, calculus, trigonometry, vectors, basic differential equations).

  • How is it scored? +

    Marked out of approximately 100 (the exact total has shifted across years). Oxford uses the score as one of several signals to shortlist candidates for interview, alongside personal statement and predicted grades. Approximate benchmarks (varies year to year): typical interviewees score around 60-65; offer-holders typically 70+. Strong candidates score 80+. Partial credit is available throughout — students who attempt several questions and make progress on each typically score well even if no question is fully completed.

  • How does the PAT differ from MAT? +

    Different tests for different Oxford courses. MAT (Mathematics Admissions Test) is for Maths, Computer Science, Statistics, joint Maths courses. PAT (Physics Aptitude Test) is for Physics, Engineering Science, Materials Science, joint Physics courses. Both are sat in late October / early November of Year 13. PAT covers Physics content the MAT doesn't, while MAT pushes harder into pure-Maths problem-solving than PAT does. A student applying to Oxford Physics sits PAT only; a student applying to Oxford joint Physics-Maths might check whether PAT covers their course.

  • How should we prepare? +

    Most successful candidates prepare for 6-12 weeks ahead of the late-October / early-November test. Approach: work through every available official PAT past paper (Oxford publishes PAT past papers freely on its admissions site), attempt each section under timed conditions, study mark schemes for partial-credit conventions. Beyond official past papers, harder Physics Olympiad problems (BPhO Round 1 / 2) and STEP-style Maths questions help build the problem-solving stamina the PAT rewards.

  • How does tutoring help? +

    PAT tutoring is mostly worked-problem coaching across both Physics and Maths content. The differentiator is the tutor's own background — strong tutors come from Cambridge / Oxford / Imperial Physics or Engineering programmes (or comparable depth elsewhere) and have themselves performed well on PAT or similar admissions tests. Generic A-level Physics tutors often can't deliver useful PAT coaching past a certain level because the problem-solving creativity the PAT rewards isn't drilled at standard A-level.

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Last reviewed: 2026-04-30